Entertainment Markersets

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There are total eight different Motive (baseline) Markersets, and among these markersets, many of the marker locations are shared. When attaching the markers, you should reference the skeleton avatar from the Skeleton Pane for relative locations. The following charts provide additional descriptions to where each marker should be placed in the baseline markersets, find related markers from the chosen set and use the chart for more accurate placements.

List of Baseline Markerset

• Baseline (37)
• Baseline + Hinged Toe (41)
• Baseline + Hinged Toe, with Headband (41)
• Baseline + Hinged Toe + Fingers (49)
• Baseline + 13 Additional Markers (50)
• Upper Body (25)
• Upper Body + Fingers (33)
• Lower Body (20)

Higher count markersets have extra markers added to the Baseline (37) markerset. Hinged toe markersets have two extra markers on each foot to show bending in the tip of the foot. Finger markersets have extra markers on the hand for estimating the finger pose. The upper body and lower body markersets use same marker placements but only on one half of the body.

Asymmetry Asymmetry is the key to avoiding the congruency for tracking multiple markersets. When there are more than one similar marker arrangements in the volume, marker labels may be confused. Thus, it is beneficial to place segment makers — joint markers must always be placed on anatomical landmarks — in asymmetrical positions for similar rigid bodies and skeletal segments. This provides a clear distinction between two similar arrangements. Furthermore, avoid placing markers in a symmetrical shape within the segment as well. For example, a perfect square marker arrangement will have ambiguous orientation and frequent mislabels may occur throughout the capture. Instead, follow the rule of thumb of placing the less critical markers in asymmetrical arrangements.

Baseline 37 Markerset

Front and back view of the Baseline (37) markerset.

Head markers

Head Markers
Label	Related Segment	Description
HeadTop	Head	Place the marker on the head tip.
HeadFront	Head	Place the marker at the center of the forehead.
HeadSide	Head	Place the marker on the either side of the head, slight above the ear. For multiple actors with similar proportions place the marker on opposite side for clearer distinction.

Torso Markers

Note that the waist markers are the key markers in modeling the pelvis bone, which is the major segment governing the other subsequent skeleton segments. For best results, avoid placing the waist markers in a rectangle shape. When tracking multiple skeletons with similar proportions, introduce an offset to one of the WaistBack marker, or WaistCMarker, to create an asymmetrical arrangements.

Torso Markers
Label	Related Segment	Description
BackTop	Torso	Place the marker on the spine right below the neck. For best results, LUArmHigh-LShoulderBack-BackTop-RshoulderNack-RUArmHigh markers should align roughly in a straight line when the actor is in T-pose.
Chest	Torso	Place the marker at the center of the sternum, about 5 cm below where the neck starts.
BackLeft	Torso	These two markers are located symmetrically on each side of the back, slightly below the lowest end of the shoulder blade (scapular bone).
BackRight	Torso
WaistLFront	Pelvis	Placed the marker on the protruding bone located on the front of the pelvis (left/right anterior iliac spine bone). The prominence can be palpated from left and right side of the waist.
WaistRFront	Pelvis
WaistLBack	Pelvis	Place the WaistLBack and WaistRBack markers above left/right hip; about 10 cm above the hip joint.
WaistRBack	Pelvis

Shoulder Markers

When placing shoulder markers, ask the actor to stand in the T-pose in order to get accurate placements. It could also be helpful to do a few rounds of arm abduction and adduction to palpate for the shoulder axis. These markers determine the width of the shoulder and respective relationship with the upper arm segment.

Shoulder Markers
Label	Related Segment	Description
LShoulderBack	Shoulder	Place the marker on the shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint) on the back.
RShoulderBack	Shoulder
LShoulderTop	Shoulder	Place the marker at the top of each shoulder where you can palpate the protruding bone, which is usually located just before where the upper arm start when in T-pose. More specifically, the prominence is on the distal end of the clavicle bone (acrominoclavicular Joint).
RShoulderTop	Shoulder

Arm Markers

Arm Markers
Label	Related Segment	Description
LElbowOut	Upper Arm	Place the marker on the lateral side of the elbow joint, slightly towards the upper arm. More specifically, on the lateral epicondyle of the distal end of the humerous. Ask the actor to flex and extend the arm few times to confirm that markers are placed along the elbow axis and maintain stationary throughout the range of motion cycles.
RElbowOut	Upper Arm
LUArmHigh	Upper Arm	Place the marker on the back of the upper arm near the groove between the triceps. For best results, LUArmHigh, LShoulderBack, BackTop, RshoulderNack, and RUArmHigh should align roughly in a straight line when in T-pose.
RUArmHigh	Upper Arm

Hand Markers

For best results, place the hand markers so that the shape of the marker arrangement is asymmetrical itself and also unique to the shape on the other hand. Since the wrist marker placement is fixed along the wrist axis, offset the HandOut or the HandIn markers to create the unique arrangements.

Hand Markers
Label	Related Segment	Description
LWristOut	Fore Arm / Hand	Place the marker on the outside (lateral side) of the wrist axis. (distal end of the radius bone). Note that the wrist axis is not always located on the protruding bone but 1-2 cm more towards the hand.
RWristOut	Fore Arm / Hand
LWristIn	Fore Arm / Hand	Place the marker on the inner prominence (medial side) of the wrist axis (distal end of the ulnar bone).
RWristIn	Fore Arm / Hand
LHandOut	Hand	Place the marker slightly below the pinky knuckle. More specifically, between distal end of the fifth and fourth mertacarpal bones.
RHandOut	Hand

Leg Markers

Leg Markers
Label	Related Segment	Description
LThighFront	Upper Leg	Place the marker on the front side of the thigh, along the midline. For best results, slightly offset the height of the left and right markers to introduce the asymmetry.
RThighFront	Upper Leg
LKneeOut	Upper Leg	Place the marker on the outter prominence of the knee joint; on the lateral epicondyle of the femur. Palpate the knee for the protruding bone from the upper leg, and place it right on the axis. Ask the actor to flex and extend the knee few times to confirm that the markers are placed along the axis and maintain stationary throughout the range of motion cycles.
RKneeOut	Upper Leg
LShin	Lower Leg	Place the marker on the shin bone; on the midline of the lower leg. For best results, slightly offset the height of the left and right markers to introduce the asymmetry.
RShin	Lower Leg

Foot Markers

Foot Markers
Label	Related Segment	Description
LAnkleOut	Lower Leg/Foot	Place the marker on the protruding bone outside of the ankle joint; on the lateral end of the malleolus bone.
RAnkleOut	Lower Leg/Foot
LToeOut	Foot	Place the marker just before the little toe joint; on the distal end of the fifth metatarsal bone.
RToeOut	Foot
LToeIn	Foot	Place the marke just before the big toe joint; on the distal end of the first metatarsal bone.
RToeIn	Foot

Additional Markers

Other Baseline markersets add or replace extra markers to the Baseline (37) set. The following table lists all of the additional markers.

Front and back view of the Baseline + 13 Additional Markers (50) markerset.

Hinged Toe

Hinged toe markersets create toe segments in the skeleton. Two additional markers are added to toe tip and heel of each foot. The hinged toe markers are included in all baseline markersets except for Baseline (37) and Upper Body markersets.

Hinged Toe Markers
Label	Related Segment	Description
LHeel	Foot	Place at the center of the heel.
RHeel	Foot
LToeTip	Toe	Place the marker at the tip of the second toe.
RToeTip	Toe

Baseline + 13 Additional Marker

Additional Markers
Label	Related Segment	Description
HeadLeft	Head	Included only in the Baseline (50) markerset in place of the HeadSide marker. Place the marker on the either side of the head, slight above the ear. Place the marker about 5 cm behind the ear for the Baseline + 13 markerset.
HeadRight	Head	Included only in the Baseline (50) markerset in place of the HeadSide marker. Placed the marker on the right side of the head, slightly above the ear.
ChestTop	Torso	Included only in the Baseline + 13 markerset in place of the Chest marker. Place the marker at the center of the chest (sternum); approximately 5 cm below where the neck starts.
ChestLow	Torso	Included only in the Baseline + 13 markerset in place of the Chest marker. Place the marker where bottom of the two rig cages conjoin; the lowest end of the sternum (xiphoid process).
WaistCBack	Pelvis	Place the marker about 5 cm above the pelvis bone, near the center of the waist back (on the spine) with a slight offset towards the right (or left). This is usually located slightly above one of the dimples located on the waist back (posterior iliac spine bone).
LFArm	Fore Arm	Place the marker on the front side of the forearm while in T-pose. For best results, slightly offset the left and right forearm markers to introduce the asymmetry on each side.
RFArm	Fore Arm
LHandIn	Hand	Place the marker below the knuckle of the index finger.
RHandIn	Hand
LThighSide	Upper Leg	Place the marker on the lateral side of the thigh. Ideally, L/R ThighSide, L/R KneeOut, and L/R AnkleOut markers should be aligned roughly in a straight line.
RThighSide	Upper Leg

Finger Markers

Finger markers allow tracking fingers by estimating the hand pose with markers attached on the fingers; pinky, index finger and thumb. WristIn marker is removed, and instead, a forearm marker is added. Also,

Finger Markers
Label	Related Segment	Description
LThumb	Hand	Place at the center of the heel.
RThumb	Hand
LIndex	Hand	Place the marker at the tip of the second toe.
RIndex	Hand
LPinky	Hand	Place the marker at the tip of the second toe.
RPinky	Hand
LHandIn	Hand	Place the marker at the tip of the second toe.
RHandIn	Hand
LHandOut	Hand	Place the marker at the tip of the second toe.
RHandOut	Hand